Pests of sugarcane pdf merge

Among various factors, insect pests inflict considerable losses which are estimated to be around 20% in cane yield and 15% in sugar recovery avasthy, 1983. Aesa based ipm sugarcane 1 aesa based ipm package for sugarcane sugarcane plant description. Weeds also harbour certain diseases and pests that attack sugarcane and thus lead to indirect losses. It requires high temperatures, plenty of sunlight, large quantities of. In 20, the sugarcane aphid, melanaphis sacchari zehntner hemiptera. Weeds flora in sugarcane field besides competing for moisture and light also remove about 4 times n and p and 2. Mechanisms of sugarcane response to herbivory scielo. Pests and other problems of palms university of florida.

Fortunately, the popular cabbage palm, floridas state. The goals of plant pathology research are to increase knowledge of plant diseases and develop costeffective management practices. Chapter 1 introduction in vitro approaches for improvement of sugarcane cultivar page 1 introduction sugarcane is an oldest crop known to man, a major crop of tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Alterations related to the occurrence of pests and plant parasitic nematodes after a change in the harvest ing system from the manual harvesting of burnt sugar. According to an estimate, sugarcane production declines by 2025% by insect pests. Sugarcane is a glycophyte, sucrose storing member of tall growing perennial monocotyledonous grass. Mississippi top photo, aphids accumulated on a combine at harvest near corpus christi. Sugarcane growing countries of the world are lying between the latitude 36. Active in all seasons severe under drought conditions. This map depicts the distribution of sugarcane in the world. Major insect pests include the mexican rice borer, the sugarcane borer, wireworms, and the sugarcane aphid which is a vector of sugarcane yellow leaf disease. Similar to the sugarcane planthopper perkinsiella saccharicida in size and appearance, being a 46 mm long, brown coloured, leafhopper. Crop losses and the economic impact of insect pests on brazilian agriculture. This film flakes easily and is visible when the leaf is viewed from different perspectives.

Some examples of overground insect pests in sugarcane. Secondary spread in the field may be through irrigation water and cultivation tools. Sugarcane whiteflies are one of the most important pests of sugarcane in south asian countries. Ppt sugarcane diseases powerpoint presentation free to. Pest management plan pmp of the shire valley irrigation project svip. Wireworms are a belowground pest of newly planted sugarcane and are rarely a pest in ratoon sugarcane. Pests and diseasesmatching with long diversity of conditions under which sugarcane is grown in the world, there is wide spectrum of pests and diseases which have come to acquire a place of priority for control on regional or interregional basis due to the agro. Biology and control of sugarcane diseases louisiana. More than 50 diseases are reported in sugarcane, fungi, bacteria, viruses and nematodes cause the. Among various factors, insect pests inflict considerable losses which are estimated to be around 20% in. Some other common but less damaging sugarcane plant pests are. The most important part of the sugarcane plant are the stalks, because sugars and other substances accumulated by the. Sugarcane borers are the major biotic pest in sugarcane that accounts nearly 2530% yield loses.

It is an important crop for thousands of small farmers with only a few acres. Cab direct platform is the most thorough and extensive source of reference in the applied life sciences, incorporating the leading bibliographic databases cab abstracts and global health. Results of studies on seasonal history, field ecology and control methods of major pests conducted during the last four decades at different sugarcane research centres in india are presented. Pdf sugarcane is a long duration crop of 1012 months and therefore is liable to be attacked by a number of insect pests. This document addresses the biology and ecology of conventional nongenetically modified sugarcane. Included is the origin of sugarcane, general descriptions of its growth and agronomy, its reproductive biology, toxicity and allergenicity and its general ecology. The word sugar is known to have derived from the sanskrit word sharkara. The order of presentation of species follows that in pests of australian sugarcane 1993. V, abbott sugarcane is native to or is grown in some 50 countries or political units within approximately 40 north lati tude to 32 south. Pests and other problems of palms 4 lethal yellowing ly is an incurable disease of many palm species caused by a mycoplasmalike organism a form of life sometimes described as intermediate between a virus and a bacterium that is spread by a leaf hopper bug myndus crudus. Merging spots of sugarcane eyespot, bipolaris sacchari.

It also is the basis of large plantation enterprises. Matching with long diversity of conditions under which sugarcane is grown in the world, there is wide spectrum of pests and diseases which have come to acquire a place of priority for control on regional or interregional basis due to the agroclimatic management conditions associated with the area. In consecutive chapters borers, termites, leafhopper, white fly, black bug, mealy bug, scale insect, beetles and beetle grubs, sugarcane mites, army worm, grasshoppers, aphids and rats are dealt with. The package was developed taking into account the advice of experts listed below on various occasions before finalization. The biology and ecology of sugarcane saccharum spp. Sugarcane aphids can be distinguished from green bugs by the absence of a dark line that appears on the back of green bugs. Sugarcane is scientifically known as saccharam officinarum it is believed to be originated from south and southeast asia india is the second largest producer of cane sugar next to brazil sugarcane is infested by 287 species of insect and non insect pests. Sugarcane has a thick, tillering stem which is clearly divided into nodes and internodes. Pests of australian sugarcane sugar research australia. Copious excretion of honeydew may cause development of sooty mould. To assess the impact of resistant sugarcane varieties on the pest population dynamics of the sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis f. When the cane is cut, rapid deterioration of the cane begins. The sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis fabricius, is native to the western hemisphere, but not to the united states.

Pdf survey and surveillance of sugarcane insect pests under. A simplified process flow diagram for a typical cane sugar production plant is shown in figure 9. This document also lists arthropod species that are minor sugarcane pests. Sugarcane is grown on over 420,000 acres in louisiana. Give hot water treatment before planting presoak the setts in 0. The mention of insecticide trade names is for information only.

Some sixty species of this insect have been reported. Major insect pests of sugarcane in the us can be divided into two groups, the stemborers lepidoptera. Stripping of cane leaves may minimize attack select and plant the scale insect free setts avoid water stagnation for the longer period detrash the crop at 150th and 210th day of planting. Sugarcane fiji disease virus is spread in solomon islands and presumably in other pacific island countries by a species of perkinsiella most likely perkinsiella saccharicida, a planthopper photo 5, which breeds among the young leaves. In 20, a new aphid pest was reported damaging sorghum, sorghum. Mechanical harvesting uses a combine, or sugarcane harvester. Sugarcane plants may merge together, especially in older fields, making separation of a plant difficult. Natural enemies are used such as predators, parasites and pathogenic microorganisms for controlling pest populations or diseases. Request pdf pests of sugarcane sugarcane is an important cash crop in many tropical and subtropical countries and is one of the main sources of sugar production in the world find, read. In commercial sugarcane fields, some pest problems are expected and tolerated. Crop losses and the economic impact of insect pests on. Infestations cause direct and indirect damage, and early maturing varieties are more susceptible.

The primary infection is mainly from infected setts. Satyagopal korlapati, ias, dg, niphm, and guidance of shri. The perspective of pest management of sugarcane insects involves a multidisciplinary and environmentally sound holistic system that is multitactical, sustainable, and has proactive vision. Edis is the electronic data information source of ufifas extension, a collection of information on topics relevant to you. Pest management of sugarcane insects louisiana state university. The adult planthoppers have wings, allowing them to fly from diseased to healthy plants. Sugarcane entomology section deals with research activities related to control of insect pests. Yellow sugarcane aphids can be differentiated from these newest pests by the presence of numerous hairs covering the entirety of the body of yellow sugarcane aphids magnification source often needed. Outbreaks of the diseases fiji leaf gall, orange rust and smut have cost hundreds of millions of dollars and have impacted the sugarcane plant breeding program and onfarm management. A sugarcane crop is sensitive to climate, soil type, irrigation, fertilizers, insects. Stem borer of sugarcane the scientific name of stem borer of sugarcane is chilo infuscatellus snellen with family. So far about 70 species of insect pests have been identified in bangladesh of which the most damaging are top shoot borer, stem borer and rootstock borer. Leaf blades merging into the sheath, linear, with a broad, rounded.

The variety and species of pests in sugarcane crop is astonishing, as mentioned nearly 288 insects from the following orders and families are found in this crop. Survey and surveillance of insectpests and diseases of sugarcane in sub tropical india enhancing efficacy of trichoderma based red rot management system mass multiplication of trichoderma on cheaper substrates and development of suitable delivery system for disease management in sugarcane. Pyralidae distribution life cycle and description damage host plants natural enemies weather management selected references distribution back to top. Pdf insect pests of sugarcane and their management. This document provides an overview of baseline biological information relevant to risk assessment of genetically modified forms of the species that may be released into the australian environment. Wireworms wireworms are the larvae of click beetles, which can cause. There are many constrain, including the heavy losses, caused by a number of diseases to the sugarcane crop. These groupings are somewhat arbitrary and some species may cause more than one type of damage. Important natural enemies of sugarcane insect pests. Sugarcane is a long duration crop of 1012 months and therefore is liable to be attacked by a number of insect pests. Most of the injury to young shoots is near the point where the shoots join the seed piece or stubble. Biological control of insectpest in sugarcane natural enemies are used such as predators, parasites and pathogenic microorganisms for controlling pest populations or diseases. Some interesting examples of different group of natural enemies are.

Busari abstract the influence of nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation on the yield and quality of sugarcane was investigated at the national cereals research institute badeggi in 200203 and 200304 seasons. Insects and eggs can be carried on sugarcane stalks and leaves. This article is a list of diseases of sugarcane saccharum spp. This lecture on sugarcane integrated pest management is slanted towards sugarcane production and management of insect pests in the united states us fig. Diseases represent an important constraint to production and profitability of this important commodity in louisiana.

Flooding sugarcane fields in late spring, then again in summer generally kills wireworms, but insecticides containing phorate are also effective. When dew is present, the bacteria causing this disease may ooze from the lesions and dry to form a clear, thin film. Most of the present sugarcane varieties are not resistant to borers. Exotic pests and diseases and more commonly endemicestablished pests. The paper briefly discussed the main pests of sugarcane in china, and the integrated pest management, including. However, in the context of this book, discussion is limited to two of the major species. Sugarcane production countries, sugarcane production indian state wise, major pests, impact of pests on production. Biological control of insectpest in sugarcane agropedia. One hundred sugarcane plants were randomly sampled for soil insects from each field. Severe pest and disease outbreaks in the australian sugarcane industry have caused some heavy losses to productivity. Pacific pests and pathogens fact sheets sugarcane eye spot 305 common name sugarcane eye spot scientific name bipolaris sacchari. Ii growth and production of sugarcane willy verheye encyclopedia of life support systems eolss since the middle ages sugar from cane has largely replaced honey as a sweetener.

It apparently was introduced into louisiana about 1855, and has since spread to the other gulf coast states. Phytoplasmas were previously known as mycoplasmalike organisms mlos. Top borer of sugarcane the scientific name of top borer of sugarcane is scirpophaga novella fabricius with family pyralidae and belonging to order lepideoptera. It may also be kept in mind that sugarcane leaves are used as substrate for the artificial cultivation of edible mushrooms. The rain splash, air currents and dew drops also help in the spread of conidia from the diseased to healthy plants. Dec, 2016 stripping of cane leaves may minimize attack select and plant the scale insect free setts avoid water stagnation for the longer period detrash the crop at 150th and 210th day of planting. Development of integrated pest management for sugarcane borer. Notice the yellow runners associated with the spots see text. Wireworms feed on the buds and root primordia during germination of sugarcane seed pieces, and on shoots and roots after germination. The aesa based ipm sugarcane, was compiled by the niphm working group under the chairmanship of dr. Disciplines, occupations and industries see more details and control methods control methods subject category. Sugar cane bagasse energy cogeneration lessons from mauritius pdf. Sugarcane, or sugar cane are several species and hybrids of tall perennial grasses in the.

Therefore, unlike sugarbeets, sugarcane cannot be stored for later processing without excessive deterioration of the sucrose content. Ii growth and production of sugarcane willy verheye encyclopedia of life support systems eolss sugar cane is a perennial grass that thrives well in tropical and frostfree warm temperate areas. In brazil, insect pests which attack sugarcane include stem borers. Results of studies on seasonal history, field ecology ecology subject category. Phytocercomonas venanatans, a new species of cercozoa associated with chlorotic streak of. The same blend of the volatile terpenoids and indole was released either when maize. Good management practices manual for the cane sugar industry final. Sugarcane borers, pyrilla, bugs, thrips, mites, grass hoppers, and army worm are dangerous pests during the growing season.

The list of major that cause economic damage to this crop insects pests of sugarcane are given below, 1. Pest management of sugarcane insects louisiana state. Unesco eolss sample chapters soils, plant growth and crop production vol. The fungus also persists in the soil on the diseased clumps and stubbles as acervulli.